Alabama
|
FOUR
DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE
Alabama |
| Ethnie: | ALABAMA |
| Language: | Alabaman |
| Family: | Muskhogean |
| Stock: | Muskhogean |
| Phylum: | Algic |
| Macro-Culture: | Eastern Woodlands |
| Speakers | Language extinct |
| The Alabama were a sedentary hunter/farmer tribe located on the upper course of the Alabama River. They had located there early from northeastern Mississippi. The were often in conflict with other tribes. Their small numbers forced them into confederations. They have descendants in the Seminole and Creek Confederacies as well as a nucleus tribe which is now in Texas confederated into the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe. |
| Aboriginal Locations (Subdivisions { # of villages}) |
| MS (?) |
|
| Year | History |
| 1539 | Probably met De Soto in northern Mississippi, severe combat |
| 1702 | Aided by the British in war with the Tohome and Mobile tribes |
| 1708 | Along with other tribes, attacked Ft. St. Louis and Mobile |
| 1717 | Ft. Toulouse established by French and Alabama, joined by Tawasa and Pawokti |
| 1763 | Tribe began to break up with peace between British and French |
| 1777 | Some move to Mississippi River, others to Red River in Louisiana near Caddo |
| 1778 | Some of Tawasa and Alabama moved to Florida to join Seminole |
| 1806 | Some later moved to Sabine River, Texas |
| 1813 | Some joined Creeks in Creek-American War, lost lands, accompanied Creek to Oklahoma |
| 1854 | Alabama-Coushatta granted 1,280 acres in Polk County, Texas |
| Year | Total Population | AL | TX | Source | |
| 1700 | 800 | 800 | NAHDB calculation | ||
| 1715 | 770 | English census | |||
| 1799 | 270 | Hawkins estimate | |||
| 1800 | 300 | 300 | NAHDB calculation | ||
| 1882 | 290 | US Indian Office | |||
| 1900 | 300 | NAHDB calculation | |||
| 1993 | 893 | UTexas Online Alabama and Coushatta less 100 Coushatta | |||
| 2000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| Muklasa, Pawokti, Tuskegee |
Last updated 09/13/07 Copyright © 2007 by Four Directions Press