FDI - Chinook

The Chinookan Tribes were sedentary, relied heavily on fishing, and were avid traders including the trading of slaves. They were located on the north side of the Columbia River north to Grays Bay and north along the seacoast to Shoalwater Bay. The Clatsop were on the south side of the Columbia River from Tongue Point to the mouth and south along the coast to Tillamook Point. Theirs was the lingua franca (trade language) of the region. They suffered enormously from the White influx even though they had good relations with the early White traders.

Aboriginal Locations

OR Clatsop 6 villages

WA Chinook 27 Villages

Year	*History*
1792	Visited by Robert Gray and John Boit, and later by Capt. George Vancouverr
1805	Visited by Lewis and Clark who wintered at Fort Clatsop near present Astoria
1811	Astoria founded; David Thompson explored the length of the Columbia River
1824	Smallpox epidemic
1829	Smallpox epidemic (combined with earlier epidemic reduced population 80%)
1830	Malaria epidemic
1841	Influx of Oregon Trail settlers, conflicts began
1847	Measles epidemic
1855	Washington Chinook joined Chehalis
1856	Oregon Grande Ronde Reservation established
1875	Clatsop moved to Grande Ronde Reservation
1956	Grande Ronde Reservation terminated
1974	Confederated Tribes of Grande Ronde established
2001	BIA recognized Chinook Nation of Washington

Chinookan Tribes Sites:

Buried Treasure: Archeologists ... http://www.tdn.com/articles/2004/12/11/area_news/news03.txt

Capitalizing the Chinook http://www.flmnh.ufl.edu/fish/InNews/fishnews0632004.htm

Chinook http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/northamerica/chinook.html

Chinook Artifacts Found http://data2.itc.nps.gov/digest/headline.cfm?type=Announcements&id=3117&urlarea=npsnews

Chinook Authors http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/t143

Chinook Book http://chinookjargon.home.att.net/phillips.htm

Chinook Creation Myth http://www.indianlegend.com/chinook/chinook_001.htm

Chinook Dictionary, Catechism, Prayers, and Hymns http://www.canadiana.org/ECO/mtq?doc=04222

Chinook Indian http://www.chinookindian.com/

Chinook Indian Hat http://lewisandclarktrail.com/indianhat.htm

Chinook Indian Jargon http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chinook/chinookindianhist.htm

Chinook Indians http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/native/chi.html

Chinook Indians http://www.nationalgeographic.com/lewisandclark/record_tribes_083_14_3.html

Chinook Indian Tribe http://www.up.edu/portlandmag/2005_winter/chinook/chinook_01.html

Chinook Jargon http://www.ydli.org/bcother/chinook.htm

Chinook Jargon http://www.1st-hand-history.org/Hibben/album1.html

Chinook Jargon http://www.fortlangley.ca/Chinook%20Jargon/time.html

Chinook Jargon and How to Use It http://chinookjargon.home.att.net/shaw.htm

Chinook Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=chh

Chinook Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=CHH

Chinook Literature http://www.indians.org/welker/chinook.htm

Chinook Literature http://www.indigenouspeople.net/chinook.htm

Chinook Nation http://chinooknation.org/

Chinook Nation http://www.up.edu/portlandmag/2005_winter/chinook/chinook_01.html

Chinook Native Americans http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/schools/travilahes/stwork03/writing/Chinook.pdf

Chinook People http://www.angelfire.com/realm/shades/nativeamericans/chinook.htm

Chinook Rudiments http://chinookjargon.home.att.net/ljcr24.htm

Chinook Texts http://www.sacred-texts.com/nam/nw/chinook/

Chinook Tribe http://www.beavton.k12.or.us/jacob_wismer/leahy/2003/native_american_posters/chinook.htm

Chinook Tribes http://logos.uoregon.edu/explore/oregon/chtribes.html

Chinook Wawa Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=CRW

Clackamas People http://www.usgennet.org/alhnorus/ahorclak/clackamas.html

Dictionary of Chinook Jargon http://chinookjargon.home.att.net/gibbs.htm

Dictionary of Chinook Jargon http://www.canadiana.org/ECO/mtq?doc=14272

Legend of the Chinook Indians http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/nebraska/stuproj/ametf99/wenzl/chinook.html

Legends of Vancouver http://www.robirda.com/chinooktalk.html

Lewis and Clark Bicentennial http://www.astoria-usa.com/lewis-clark.html

Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Mural http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/lewisclark/painting.html

Lewis and Clark: Chinook on the Columbia http://www.washingtonhistory.org/wshm/lewisandclark/chinook-drawings.htm

Lower Chinook and Clatsop http://www.trailtribes.org/fortclatsop/since-time-immemorial.htm

Lower Chinookan Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=CHH

Lower Columbia River Indains http://schools.gorge.net/hrcsd/westside/4mchinookmaddie.htm

Northwest: Chinookan Culture and Ethnobotany http://www.fourdir.com/northwest_chinookan_culture.htm

Once Dying Chinook Language ... http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues04/Co06192004/CO_06192004_Chinook_Language.htm

Potlatch of the Northwest Coast http://www.santarosa.edu/museum/potlatch.htm

She Who Watches http://www.ochcom.org/chinook

Tenas Wawa - Chinook Jargon http://www.wrvmuseum.org/journal/journal_0702.htm

US Recognizes Chinook Tribe http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/1099968.stm

*Ethnie:*	CHINOOKAN TRIBES
*Language:*	Lower Chinookan
*Family:*	Chinookan
*Stock:*	Chinookan
*Phylum:*	Penutian
*Macro-Culture:*	Northwestern

Year	U.S. Population	OR	WA	Source
1700	1,100	200	900	NAHDB calculation
1780	1,100			Mooney estimate
				Chinook 800
				Clatsop 300
1800	1,100			NAHDB calculation
1806	700	100	900	Lewis and Clark
				400 Chinook (on Columbia only)
				300 Clatsop
1851	300			Swanton (Soon absorbed into other tribes)
1900	0	0	0	NAHDB calculation
2000	0	0	0	NAHDB calculation