| Year |
History |
| 1540 |
Spanish
conquistador Hernando DeSoto encounters Choctaw. Up to 1500 Choctaw
killed by Spanish at Battle of Mabilu. |
| 1690 |
Choctaw-Chickasaw
war |
| 1699 |
After
Mississippi River explorations by de La Salle, Marquette and Jolliet,
French establish Fort Maurepas on Gulf Coast. |
| 1704 |
Choctaw-Chickasaw
war revivied |
| 1705 |
Chickasaw with
Muskhogee defeated Choctaw |
| 1711 |
Choctaw-Chickasaw
war again revived |
| 1717 |
Choctaw prevented
French mutiny by massacring Ft. Tolouse garrison |
| 1720 |
Choctaw
ally with different European powers, preferring French over British, who
support rival Chickasaw. |
| 1723 |
Choctaw took 400
scalps, 100 slaves from Chickasaw |
| 1724 |
Bienville
arranged Choctaw-Chickasaw peace |
| 1730 |
Choctaw
joined French in war against Natchez, who are virtually wiped out. |
| 1748 |
Tribal
civil war between pro-French and pro-British factions |
| 1755 |
French
and Indian War (Seven Years War in Europe); Choctaw allegiances vary. |
| 1763 |
Treaty
of Paris: France cedes Canada to Britain and all claims to lands east of
the Mississippi, except around New Orleans. Choctaw enter into treaty
defining their borders. |
| 1765 |
War
with Creek Indians. |
| 1776 |
Aided Americans
in Revolutionary War |
| 1786 |
Treaty
of Hopewell between U.S. and Choctaw established borders. |
| 1788 |
US recognizes
Choctaw Nation by treaty |
| 1801 |
Treaty
of Fort Adams, whereby 2,264,920 acres along Mississippi River are sold
to U.S. for $2000. |
| 1802 |
Treaty
of Fort Confederation, whereby approximately 50,000 acres are ceded to
U.S. for $1. |
| 1803 |
Treaty
of Hoe Buckintoopa, whereby 853,760 acres of land are ceded in
settlement of trade debt of $40,000, Louisiana Purchase, Louisiana
Territorial Act authorizes President to negotiate with tribes to move
west of Mississippi River. |
| 1805 |
Treaty
of Mount Dexter, whereby 4,142,720 acres are ceded in settlement of
trade debt of nearly $48,000, plus payment of $3000 annuity, plus $500
payment for chiefs and salaries of $150 per year. |
| 1809 |
Kept many
southeast tribe out of Tecumseh's Rebellion |
| 1812 |
Choctaw
supported Americans against British in War of 1812. |
| 1813 |
Helped US in
Civil War |
| 1816 |
Treaty
of Fort St. Stephens, whereby approximately 3,000,000 acres are sold for
$10,000 plus annual payments of $6000 for 20 years. |
| 1817 |
565 Cherokee,
Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Whites attacked Osage killing 83 |
| 1820 |
Treaty
of Doak's Stand, whereby 5,269,788 acres are exchanged for approximately
13,000,000 acres west of Mississippi. |
| 1824 |
Fort Towsend
established on Red River to protect settlers from Osage, Choctaw, and
Cherokee |
| 1825 |
Treaty
of Washington City establishes borders for lands received in Treaty of
Doak's Stand. In exchange for 2,000,000 fewer acres then originally
agreed, U.S. to move out any white settlers living in remaining
“Indian Territory” plus provide a perpetual annuity of $6000,
payment of trading debts, and pensions for Choctaw veterans who fought
in War of 1812. |
| 1829 |
Mississippi
legislature abolishes tribal government and extends citizenship to all
Choctaw, Fort Towsend abandoned |
| 1830 |
Treaty
of Dancing Rabbit Creek, whereby remaining 10,000,000+ acres of Choctaw
land in Mississippi and Alabama are ceded, and tribes agree to move to
Indian Territory in exchange for protection, passage, and an annuity of
$20,000 for twenty years, plus funds for schools, churches, and a
council house. |
| 1834 |
13,000 of tribe removed to
Indian Territory and formed Choctaw Republic, First
Tribal Council Meeting in Indian Territory at Jack's Fort; constitution
adopted. |
| 1859 |
Choctaw
awarded $2,981,247.30 by U.S. Senate in settlement of outstanding debt
from sale of Mississippi lands. |
| 1865 |
Chief
Peter Pitchlynn surrenders Choctaw military forces, which had fought for
the Confederacy, to the U.S |
| 1893 |
Authorization
of President to negotiate termination of land titles held by Five
Civilized Tribes; Dawes Commission established for allotment program. |
| 1905 |
Five
Civilized Tribes attempt to establish State of Sequoyah. |
| 1906 |
Choctaw
tribal government dissolved. |
| 1907 |
Dawes
Commission closes enrollment. |
| 1918 |
Choctaw
Indian Agency established in Philadelphia, Mississippi, influenza
epidemic killed 25% of Mississippi Choctaw |
| 1945 |
Mississippi
Choctaw federally recognized |
| 1953 |
Termination
Act provides for independent action by tribes in matters formerly the
responsibility of the U.S. including health care and education. |
| 1995 |
Jena
Band of Choctaw federally recognized |
