FDI - Diegueno

FOUR DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE

Diegueño

*Ethnie:*	DIEGUENO (KUMEYAAY)
*Language:*	Delta-California Yuman
*Family:*	Yuman
*Stock:*	Esselen-Yuman
*Phylum:*	Hokan
*Macro-Culture:*	Southern California

Speakers

97 in U.S.

1990 Census

The Diegueño were a dialectic group of semi-sedentary hunter/gatherer bands. Their territory covered approximately southern San Diego County extending into Baja California. They took an aggressive posture toward the Spanish and their missions. This reduced somewhat the early negative effect of the White influx. (Populations and locations in Mexico are not included in this analysis)

Aboriginal Locations

Aha-hakaik, Ahta, Ahwat, Amai'-tu, Amat-kwa'-ahwat, Amotanebuwe, Anyaha, Awaskai, Ekwainak, Emitl-kwatai, Ewaiapaip, Guyapipe, Hakam, Hamacha, Hamul, Hanwi, Hapai, Hapawu, Hasasei, Hasumel, Hata'am, Hawai, Hawi, Ilokwi, Inmasi, Inyahkai, Kamachal, Kohwat, Kokwiltl, Kosmit, Kosoi, Kwalhwut, Kwatai, Maktati, Maramoido, Matamo, Mat-ahwat-is, Meti, Netlmol, Nipawai, Otai, Pauipu, Pauwai, Pokol, Pu-shuyi, Sekwan, Shana, Sinyau-tehwir, Sinyeweche, Tapanke, Tokakamalai, Wemura, Witlinak

Present Locations

BARONA RESERVATION, Lakeside

CAMPO RESERVATION, Campo

CAPITAN GRANDE RESERVATION, Alpine

CUYAPAIPE RESERVATION, Mount Laguna

INJA-COSMIT RESERVATION, Julian

JAMUL INDIAN VILLAGE, Jamul

LA POSTA RESERVATION, Riverside

MANZANITA RESERVATION, Boulevard

MESA GRANDE RESERVATION, Santa Ysabel

SAN PASQUAL RESERVATION, Valley Center

SANTA YSABEL RESERVATION, Santa Ysabel

SYCUAN RESERVATION, El Cajon

Year	*History*
1542	Cabrillo discovered San Diego Bay
1769	Mission San Diego de Alcala and the Presidio of San Diego established
1776	Attack San Diego Mission, killed 3, including only priest ever killed by California Indians
1821	Some of tribe indentured to feudal Mexican barons
1863	Probably affected by smallpox epidemic

Year	Population	Source
1700	3,000	NAHDB calculation
1770	3,000	Kroeber estimate
1800	3,000	NAHDB calculation
1828	1,711	San Diego mission records
1856	2,500	ARCIA
1871	1,571	Census
1873	886	Catholic Indian mission archives
1883	731	ARCIA
1895	640	ARCIA
1900	700	NAHDB calculation
1913	901	ARCIA
1925	817	ARCIA
1940	957	ARCIA
1968	1,322	ARCIA
1981	2,083	NAHDB estimate using BIA data
1989	2,079	NAHDB estimate using BIA data
2000	2,500	NAHDB projection

Other speakers of the same language:

Cocopa, Halykwami, Kamia, Kohuana

Diegueño links:

A 2,000 Year Old Milling Tool Kit ... San Diego http://www.pcas.org/Vol32N4/324Kyl.pdf

Barona Band of Mission Indians http://www.baronatribe.org/

Barona Casino http://www.barona.com/

Barona Cultural Center and Museum http://www.baronamuseum.org/feature.html

Barona Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/barona/index.htm

Campo History http://www.sdrm.org/history/campo.html

Campo Kumeyaay Nation http://www.campo-nsn.gov/

Campo Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/campo/index.htm

Coyote Meets Stink Bug - Kumeyaay Story http://historyandculture.com/writings/stinkbug.html

Creation http://www.indigobridgecooperative.com/Shared%20Pages/Myths%20and%20Sacred%20Texts/Native%20American%20Myths/Digueno/Creation.html

Culture and Ethnobotany http://www.fourdir.com/southern_california_culture.htm

Cuyamaca Rancho State Park Archeological Survey http://www.palomar.edu/archaeology/Cuyamaca2004Photos/cuyamaca_2000.htm

Diegueno Authors http://www4.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/t28

Diegueno Creation Myth http://www.dreamscape.com/morgana/ariel.htm#DIGUENO

Diegueno Indians http://www.sbsd.k12.ca.us/~lwolf/digueno.html

Diegueno Indian Tribe http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/california/dieguenoindianhist.htm

Dieguenos http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/dieguenos.html

Delta-California Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=DIH

Delta-California Yuman Linguistic Lineage

Desert Band - Kwaymii Culture http://www.he.net/~novel/kwaaymii.html

Ewiiaapaayp Tribe http://leaningrock.org/government.shtml

Group of Diegueno Men http://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/kt4j49n74b/

Inaja-Cosmit Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/inajacosmit/inajacosmit.htm

Manuel Hatam http://www.americanindiansource.com/hatamkumeyaayhist2.html

Mesa Grande Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/mesagrande/index.htm

Indian Reservations in San Diego County http://www.acusd.edu/nativeamerican/reservations.html

Jamul Indian Village http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/jamul/

Jamul Indian Village http://www.jamulindianvillage.com/

Journal of San Diego County History http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/97summer/missionrevolt.htm

A Kid's Guide to the Kumeyaay http://powayusd.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/projects/kumeyaay/

Kumeyaay http://www.desertusa.com/mag99/july/papr/kumeyaay.html

Kumeyaay http://daphne.palomar.edu/cuyamaca/kumeyaay.htm

Kumeyaay http://www.everyculture.com/North-America/Kumeyaay.html

Kumeyaay http://www.angelfire.com/falcon/kumeyaay/links.html

Kumeyaay Basketmakers http://daphne.palomar.edu/ddozier/Bajenos/kumeyaay_basketmakers.htm

Kumeyaay Bird Songs http://www.singbird.com/

Kumeyaay (Diegueno) http://www.californiahistory.net/2_natives/kumeyaay.htm

Kumeyaay: First European Images http://www.californiahistory.net/3_PAGES/alta_firstimages.htm

Kumeyaay History http://www.kumeyaay.info/

Kumeyaay History http://www.eusd4kids.org/mission_trail/SanDiego/SDnatives.html

Kumeyaay Houses http://www.sandiegohistory.org/education/serra/shelter.htm

Kumeyaay Indian Language http://www.kumeyaay.org/

Kumeyaay Indian Language and Culture http://www.kumeyaaylanguage.com/

Kumeyaay Indians http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/kumeyaay/

Kumeyaay Indians http://kumeyaay.sandi.net/Kumeyaay.Indian.Infor/Kumeyaay.Indians.html

Kumeyaay Indians http://www.kumeyaay.info/kumeyaay_indians.html

Kumeyaay Indian Pottery http://digilander.iol.it/carlafm/turisti/sandiego/pagine/16indians.htm

Kumeyaay Interpretive Center http://www.angelfire.com/falcon/kumeyaay/

Kumeyaay Language http://www.native-languages.org/kumiai.htm

Kumeyaay Language http://www.kumeyaay.org/firstpage.htm

Kumeyaay Lifestyle http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/kumeyaay/lifestyl.htm

Kumeyaay Lifestyle and Mount Signal http://home.att.net/~amcimages/kumeyaay.html

Kumeyaay Millennium http://www.sandiegometro.com/2000/jan/kumeyaay.html

Kumeyaay Nation http://www.kumeyaay.com/

Kumeyaay Nation http://www.tribalmall.com/Kumeyaay/

Kumeyaay Nation http://pagebang.com/cgi/nph-proxy.cgi/111011A/http/www.kumeyaay.com/news/

Kumeyaay Pictographs on Indian Hill http://www.petroglyphs.us/photographs_pictographs_anza_borrego_IH.htm

Kumeyaay Pottery http://www.clayhound.us/sites/kumeyaay.htm

Kumeyaay Religion and Expressive Culture http://www.everyculture.com/North-America/Kumeyaay-Religion-and-Expressive-Culture.html

Kumeyaay Research http://www.janetwellington.com/kumeyaay2.htm

Kumeyaay Singing http://www.actaonline.org/artists_cultural_heritage/sound%20traditions/cuero.htm

Kumeyaay, Story in http://www.kumeyaay.org/story_in_kumeyaay.htm

Kumeyaay, Story of the http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/chavez/kumeyaay/

Kumeyaay Supermarket: Native Plant Uses http://www.nps.gov/cabr/forteachers/upload/Kumeyaay%20Supermarket.pdf

Kumiai Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=DIH

Kumiai Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=DIH

Kumeyaay Tribe - Geneology http://www.kindredtrails.com/NATIVE_Kumeyaay.html

Kwaaymii Culture http://he.net/~novel/kwaaymii.html

La Posta Band of Mission Indians http://www.laposta-nsn.gov/

La Posta Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/laposta/index.htm

Manzanita Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/manzanita/index.htm

Mission Basilica San Diego del Alcala http://www.missionsandiego.com/

Mission San Luis Rey de Francia http://www.californiamissions.com/cahistory/sanluisrey.html

Musical Culture of the Diegueno Indians ... http://cfmb.icaap.org/content/24.3/BV24-3art8.pdf

Native American Photographs http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Pictures/old_photos_pg10.html

Paipai and Kumeyaay http://www.scerp.org/STEP/paipai.html

Prehistoric Fishing on the San Diego Coast http://www.pcas.org/Vol34N2/342Noah.pdf

Running Rabbit: Kumeyaay Folktale http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb140/is_200007/ai_n7840479

San Diego History http://www.sandiegohistory.org/timeline/timeline.htm

San Diego Reservations http://www.acusd.edu/nativeamerican/reservations.html

San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians http://www.sanpasqualindians.org/

San Pasqual Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/sanpasqual/index.htm

Santa Catarina Pai Pai Kumeyaay Indians http://www.kumeyaay.info/santa_catarina.html

Santa Ysabel Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/santaysabel/index.htm

Shawii Kumeyaay Recipe http://www.sdrp.org/resources/painted/recipe.htm

Shumup Ko Hup Indian Baskets http://www.howka.com/indian_baskets/

Southern Diegueno Woman http://www.holtonframes.com/frames/custom/curtis/SoDiegueno.html

Split Rock and Anza Borrego Kumeyaay http://outdoors.webshots.com/album/29757157UQrcEacBlB

Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation http://www.sycuan.com/

Sycuan Casino http://www.sycuancasino.com/

Sycuan Pow Wow - Kumeyaay Bird Singers http://www.gballard.net/reels.html?http%3A//www.gballard.net/port/reels/birdsinging.html

Sycuan Reservation http://www.csusm.edu/bbiggs/loc/rezinfo/sycuan/index.htm

Tapestry http://www.wowwomen.com/tapestry/arch_rambles/barona.html

Tecolote Cultural Center http://members.tripod.com/linda_vista/kumeyaay/kumeyaay99.htm

Torrey Pines State Preserve http://www.torreypine.org/history/history.html

Valley View Casino, San Pasqual Reservation http://www.valleyviewcasino.com/AboutUs/sanpasqualBand.aspx?bhcp=1

Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians http://www.viejasbandofkumeyaay.org/

Viejas Casino http://www.viejas.com/

Whaley House http://www.viewzone.com/whaleyhouse.html

Yuman - SFSU Narrative http://bss.sfsu.edu/calstudies/NativeWebPages/yuman.html

Last updated 08/03/07 Copyright © 2007 by Four Directions Press