Haida
|
FOUR
DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE
Haida |
| Ethnie: | HAIDA |
| Language: | Haida (Northern and Southern Dialects) |
| Family: | Haida |
| Stock: | Nuclear Na-Dene |
| Phylum: | Na-Dene |
| Macro-Culture: | Northwest |
|
| The Haida were a sedentary maritime nation that relied heavily on fishing. They were belligerent with neighboring tribes. They arrived in the area from the Yukon as a result of a volcanic eruption about AD 750 Aboriginally, they were located on the Queen Charlotte Islands. They became missionized early and undertook farming, but suffered severely from the effects of White disease and culture. |
| Aboriginal Locations (Villages) |
| BC Chaal, Cumshewa, Dadens, Gahlinskun, Haena, Heilung, Howkan, Kaisun, Kasaan, Kayung, Kiusta, Klinkwan, Kloo, Kung, Kweundlas, Masset, Naikum, Ninstints, Skedans, Skidegate, Sukkwan, Tiun, Yaku, Yan (100) |
| Present Locations |
| AK Sealaska Corporation, Juneau |
| BC Masset, Masset |
| Skidegate, Queen Charlotte City |
| Year | History |
| 1700 | Some soon relocated to southern tip of Prince of Wales Island, Alaska and established there in 4 tribes |
| 1774 | Spotted Spanish Ensign Juan Perez in corvette Santiago |
| 1775 | Visited by Bodega and Maurelle |
| 1786 | Visited by La Perouse |
| 1787 | Visited by Dixon for one month who began trading for furs |
| 1824 | Smallpox epidemic |
| 1825 | Began cultivation of potatoes after introduction by traders |
| 1829 | Hudson Bay post established, Anglican mission at Masset, Methodist mission at Skidegate |
| 1862 | Smallpox, liquor, and venereal disease depleted population before White influx; one entire village |
| Year | Total Population | AK | BC | Source | |
| 1700 | 9,800 | 9,800 | NAHDB calculation | ||
| 1780 | 9,800 | Mooney estimate | |||
| 1800 | 9,000 | 1,000 | 8,000 | NAHDB calculation | |
| 1836 | 8,428 | John Work estimate | |||
| 1841 | 8,328 | Sir James Douglas estimate | |||
| 1889 | 637 | Census | |||
| 1895 | 593 | Swanton estimate | |||
| 1900 | 700 | 100 | 600 | NAHDB calculation | |
| 1902 | 788 | Swanton | |||
| 1910 | 530 | Census | |||
| 1915 | 588 | Duff estimate | |||
| 1968 | 1,224 | Queen Charlotte Agency (Canada only) | |||
| 1970 | 240 | Blackman (US only) | |||
| 1995 | 1,500 | M. Krausse | |||
| 2000 | 1,600 | 300 | 1,300 | NAHDB calculation |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| None |
Last updated 03/17/08 Copyright © 2008 by Four Directions Press