Halykwamai
|
FOUR
DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE
Halykwamai |
| Ethnie: | HALYKWAMAI |
| Language: | Delta-California Yuman |
| Family: | Yuman |
| Stock: | Esselen-Yuman |
| Phylum: | Hokan |
| Macro-Culture: | Colorado River |
|
| The Halykwamai were a sedentary hunter/farmer tribe. They were located along the Colorado River just below the Gila. They ultimately confederated into the Cocopa, possibly due to conflicts with River Yumans. |
| Aboriginal Locations |
| SN 4 villages, AZ 1 village |
|
| Year | History |
| 1540 | Met by Hernando de Alarcon, called "Quicama" |
| 1604 | Found by Onate between the mouth of the Gila and above the Cocopa |
| 1776 | Met by Francisco Garces |
| 17XX | Probably joined the Cocopa |
| Year | U.S. Population | Source |
| 1680 | 2,000 | Mooney estimate |
| 1700 | 2,000 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1775 | 2,000 | Garces estimate |
| 1800 | 0 | NAHDB calculation |
| 1900 | 0 | NAHDB calculation |
| 2000 | 0 | NAHDB calculation |
| Other speakers of the same language: |
| Cocopa, Diegueno (Kumeyaay), Kamia, Kohuana |
| Halykwamai Sites: |
| Cocopa Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=COC |
| Cocopa Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_lang_family.asp?code=COC |
| Colorado River Culture and Ethnobotany http://www.americanindiansource.com/whoarewe.html |
| Heavily Used Colorado River ... http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/salton/HeavilyusedCoRH2Olastdrop.html |
| Planners Seek Water to Revive Mexico's Colorado River Delta http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/salton/revivewatermxcordelta.html.htm |
Last updated 03/18/08 Copyright © 2008 by Four Directions Press