FDI - Illinois

The Illinois were a sedentary hunter/farmer confederacy of the great Mound Builder Culture which separated late from the Miami. They lived along the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers and as far south as northeastern Arkansas. They fought with most of their neighbors and were ultimately destroyed in 1769 by a large joint force of their enemies.

Aboriginal Locations (Subdivisions)

AR Michigamea

IL Cahokia, Kaskaskia, Tamaroa

IA Moingwena, Peoria

MO Tamaroa

Year	*History*
1634	Battle with Winnebago
1650	Beaver Wars with Iroquois and then later wars with the Fox
1667	Met French priest Allouez at La Pointe
1673	Visited by Marquette
1682	Visited by LaSalle, at war with neighbors and Iroquois
1700	Soon consolidated in Illinois
1725	Chief Mamantouensa traveled to France
1769	Ottawa chief Pontiac murdered by Kaskaskia Indian, retaliation by joint force of Fox, Sac, Chippewa, Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Kickapoo; lost almost all of territory
1802	Kaskaskia took heavy losses in war with Shawnee
1832	Removed to Kansas
1867	Moved to northeastern Oklahoma

Illinois Sites:

Ancient Cahokia http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/march/12/cahokia.htm

Ancient Illinois Village ... http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-09/uoia-aiv090202.php

Archeology of Illinois http://www.anthro.uiuc.edu/faculty/cfennell/syllabus/anth157/notes84.html

Buffalo Run Casino http://www.buffalorun.com/

Cahokia http://www.answers.com/topic/cahokia

Cahokia Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/cahokiaindiantribe.htm

Cahokia Mounds http://www.swi-news.com/SWI-Cahokia.htm

Cahokia Mounds http://www.prairieghosts.com/cahokia.html

Cahokia Mounds http://lewisandclarktrail.com/section1/illinoiscities/mounds.htm

Cahokia Mounds: Largest Archeological Site in America http://www.legendsofamerica.com/IL-Cahokia.html

Cahokia Mounds SHP http://360geographics.com/Central/Illinois/Central/CahokiaMoundsSHP.html

Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site http://www.cahokiamounds.com/cahokia.html

Cahokia Thatched Hut http://www.fotosearch.com/UNU118/u16208859/

DeSoto's Midwest Trails http://www.floridahistory.com/illinois.html

French Explore Peoria Tribe Territory http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-Midwest/Peoria-History.html

French in Illinois http://www.rootsweb.com/~ilcoles/french.htm

Illini Confederacy http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/native/1stcontact.htm

Illini Confederation: Lords of the Mississippi Valley http://members.tripod.com/~RFester/

Illini Decline http://members.tripod.com/~RFester/treat.html

Illiniwek of Southern Illinois http://www.schools.lth5.k12.il.us/bths-east/illiniwek.html

Illinois http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/northamerica/illinois.html

Illinois http://www.nativeamericans.com/IllinoisTribe.htm

Illinois http://www.prairienet.org/prairienations/illini.htm

Illinois http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/il.html

Illinois Authors http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/t165

Illinois Confederacy http://www.rootsweb.com/~itquapaw/illinois/illinois.html

Illinois History http://www.tolatsga.org/ill.html

Illinois Indian History http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/popups/timeline.html

Illinois Indians http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07660a.htm

Illinois Indians http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/illini_kids.htm

Illinois Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/illinoishist.htm

Illinois Indian Tribes http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/illinois/

Illinois-Miami Language http://www.native-languages.org/miami-illinois.htm

Illinois Today http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/hi_today.html

Indian Mounds Mystify Excavators http://www.wired.com/news/roadtrip/riverroad/0,2704,65170,00.html

Indian Treaty Boundary Lines of Illinois http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu/nsdihome/outmeta/indianlns.html

Kaskaskia Indians http://www.randolphcountyillinois.net/sub2.htm

Kaskaskia Indians http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08608b.htm

Kaskaskia Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/miami/kaskaskiaindians.htm

Kaskaskia Treaty http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kas0067.htm

Kaskaskia Tribal Descendents http://www.angelfire.com/la3/kaskaskia/

Legend of the Piasa http://www.indians.org/welker/piasa.htm

Lost City of Cahokia http://www.neh.gov/news/humanities/2004-09/cahokia.html

Miami-Illinois Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mia

Miami-Illinois Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=mia

Michigamea http://spot.colorado.edu/~koontz/michigamea.htm

Michigamea Indian Tribe http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/michigameaindianhist.htm

Old Kaskaskia Days and Ways http://riverweb.cet.uiuc.edu/Archives/transactions/1905/Old_20Kaskaskia.html

Peoria http://www.nativeamericans.com/Peoria.htm

Peoria Indians http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11662a.htm

Peoria Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/peoriahist.htm

Peoria Treaty http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/peo0165.htm

Peoria Treaty http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Treaties/TreatyWithThePeoriaetc1818.html

Peoria Tribe http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/ok/nations/peoria/

Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma http://www.peoriatribe.com/

Peoria Tribe v. United States http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&friend=nytimes&court=US&case=/us/390/468.html

Prairie Nations http://www.prairienet.org/prairienations/index.htm

St. Louis Indian History http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/native/am-indian.htm

Treaty with the Kaskaskia 1803 http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Treaties/TreatyWithTheKaskaskia1803.html

Waterman Site http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/arch_water.html

*Ethnie:*	ILLINOIS (ILLINI, ILLINIWEK)
Dialect:	Peoria
*Language:*	Miami-Illinois
*Family:*	Central Algonquian
*Stock:*	Algonquian
*Phylum:*	Algic
*Macro-Culture:*	Eastern Woodlands
Speakers	Language extinct

Year	Total Population	AR	IA	IL	MO	OK	Source
1650	8,000						Mooney estimate
1680	6,300						Hennipen estimate
1700	5,000	1,100	800	3,000	400		NAHDB calculation
1750	2,000						Swanton
1778	380						Swanton
1800	300						Swanton
1800	300				300		NAHDB calculation
1885	149						Swanton
1900	200					200	NAHDB calculation
1905	195						Swanton
1910	128						Census
1989	424						BIA estimate
1990	1,600						Factmonster
2000	2,000					2,000	NAHDB calculation