FOUR DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE

 

Kwalhioqua

  

 

Ethnie: KWALHIOQUA
Language Kwalhioqua-Clatskanie
Family: Pacific Coast Athapaskan
Stock: Athapaskan
Phylum: Na-Dene
Macro-Culture: Northwestern
Speakers
     The Pacific Coast Athapaskans arrived in the area late in the first millennium from Canada.  The Kwalhioqua were a bellicose sedentary hunter/gatherer tribe of southwest Washington occupying the upper course of the Willopah River and the southern sand western headwaters of the Chehalis.  They were most closely related to the Clatskanie, the only other Athapaskans of the immediate area.
Aboriginal Locations
WA  (2 villages)
Oregon Present Locations
Extinct
Year History
1792 Area charted by Capt. George Vancouver
1811 Astoria established
1824 Probably affected by smallpox epidemic
1829 Smallpox epidemic
1841 Influx of Oregon Trail settlers began, conflicts followed
1847 Mealses epidemic
1851 Ceded lands
Year U.S. Population Source
1700 200 NAHDB calculation
1780 200 Mooney
1800 150 NAHDB calculation
1846 100 Hale estimate
1851 13 ARCIA
1900 0 NAHDB calculation
2000 0 NAHDB calculation
Other speakers of the same language:
WA  Clatskanie
Kwalhioqua Sites:
Clatskanie Linguistic Lineage  http://www.ydli.org/bcother/bclist.htm
Northwest:  Chinookan Culture and Ethnobotany  http://www.fourdir.com/northwest_chinookan_culture.htm
West Coast Athapaskans  http://logos.uoregon.edu/explore/Oregon/athabascan.html

Last updated 02/21/05  Copyright © 2005 by Four Directions Press