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Mandan

  

 

Ethnie: MANDAN
Language: Mandan
Family Central Siouan 
Stock: Siouan
Phylum: Macro-Siouan
Macro-Culture: Great Plains
Speakers                              6 (1992 M. Krauss)  
      The Mandan were a hunter/farmer nation of the Plains River Culture. It is extremely questionable if they have Welch ancestry. They were important allies to Lewis and Clark.   They were all but destroyed by smallpox and by an attempted annihilation by the Assiniboin.  No full bloods remain today thought the language survives.
Aboriginal Locations (Subdivisions)
ND  Estapa, Horatamumake, Kitanemuke, Matonumake, Neteahke, Seepoosta, Tanatsuka
Present Locations
ND  Fort Berthold Reservation, New Town
Year History
1170 Soon after this year, Welch Prince Madog ab Owain Gwynedd arrived in region after wars with the Cherokee to assimilated into the Mandan [?]
1450 Approximate dated of arrival in North Dakota
1738 Met by Verendye on Heart River who noted tribal members with Caucasian features
1804 Just below Knife River when visited by Lewis and Clark
1837 Tribe all but destroyed by smallpox epidemic
1838 Arikaras took posession of an abandoned Mandan village foiling an Assiniboin scheme to wipe out remaining Mandan
1841 Catlin wrote of Causasian features of Mandan noticed in earlier visit
1845 Began to move to Fort Berthold
1851 Treaty of Ft. Laramie defined land boundaries; territory of Arikara, Mandan, and Hidatsa called Ft. Berthold; territory included parts of Montana, Wyoming, and North and South Dakota 
1891 Executive Orders reduced size of reservation from 13.5 million acres to .9 million acres
1954 Lost 152 thousand acres to Lake Sakakawea; stress caused considerable subsequent movement off of the reservation
Year Total ND Population Source
1700 3,600 NAHDB calculation
1780 3,600 Mooney estimate
1800 1,300 NAHDB calculation
1805 1,250 Lewis and Clark
1837 31 Survivors of smallpox epidemic
1850 150 Swanton
1871 450 Swanton
1877 420 Swanton
1885 410 Swanton
1900 300 NAHDB calculation 
1905 249 Official
1910 209 Census
1923 273 US Indian Office
1930 271 Census
1937 345 US Indian Office
1989 650 BIA estimate
2000 800 NAHDB calculation
Other speakers of the same language:
None
Mandan Sites:
Benson, Edwin (Transcript)  http://www.lewis-clark.org/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=1181
"Coyote Warrior" ...  http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2004/09/30/news/local/news02.txt
Curtis Mandan Images  http://curtis.library.northwestern.edu/toc.cgi?sec=nai.05.book,&psec=nai.05,#nai.05.book
Dying Tongues  http://www.in-forum.com/specials/DyingTongues/index.cfm?page=article&id=38523&tribe=Mandan&sub=1
Fort Atkinson  http://www.fortatkinsononline.org/FortAtkinsonahistory.htm
Fort Berthold Reservation  http://bisnet.sus.edu/berthold/bert.htm
Hidatsa Mandan Arikara Earth Lodge  http://www.kstrom.net/isk/maps/houses/hidatsa.html
Knife River Indian Villages NHP  http://www.nativeamericans.com/Hidatsa.htm
Lewis and Clark, Journey into the Unknown  http://www.sd4history.com/Unit2/lclesson4.htm
Lewis and Clark, Native Americans, and the USGS  http://www.usgs.gov/features/lewisandclark/NativeAmerican.html
Mandan  http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/northamerica/mandan.html
Mandan  http://www.nativeamericans.com/Mandan.htm
Mandan  http://pambies.tripod.com/mandan.html
Mandan  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandan
Mandan/Arikara Photo  http://gallery.unl.edu/picinfo/8162.html
Mandan Earthen Lodge  http://www.old-picture.com/indians/Indian-Earthen-Lodge.htm
Mandan Elder Seen as Language's Last Hope  http://www.in-forum.com/specials/DyingTongues/index.cfm?page=article&id=38520&tribe=Mandan
Mandan Elder  http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/enlarge/mandan-indian-headdress.html
Mandan Indian  http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/enlarge/mandan-indian_pod_image.html
Mandan Indian Ferry  http://www.lewis-clark.org/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=1173
Mandan Indian Nation  http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/LC/The%20People/Indian_Nations/Mandan/gallery.htm
Mandan Indians  http://freepages.family.rootsweb.com/~bowen/mandans.html
Mandan Indians  http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/native/man.html
Mandan Indians  http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=23328
Mandan Indians  http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09587a.htm
Mandan Indians  http://www.nationalgeographic.com.au/lewisandclark/record_tribes_010_5_3.html
Mandan Indian Shriners  http://www.state.nd.us/hist/sal/photo/imagepages/bandsclubs/D0707-Mandan-Indian-Shriner.htm
Mandan Indian Village  http://www.sd4history.com/Unit2/mandan_village.htm
Mandan Is Not Welsh  http://www.languagegeek.com/siouan/mandan_is_not_welsh.html'
Mandan Language  http://www.native-languages.org/mandan.htm
Mandan Language  http://www.languagegeek.com/siouan/ruetare.html
Mandan Language  http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_language.asp?code=MHQ
Mandan Linguistic Lineage  http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_lang_family.asp?code=MHQ
Mandan Literature  http://www.indians.org/welker/mandan.htm
Mandans  http://www.freewebs.com/mandans/
Mandans  http://www.legendsofamerica.com/NA-Mandan.html
Mandan Treaty  http://www.utulsa.edu/law/classes/rice/Treaties/07_Stat_264_Mandan.htm
Mandan Tribe  http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/wilderness/Amerinds/mandan.html
Mandan Tribe History  http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/mandan/mandanhist.htm
MHA Nation  http://www.mhanation.com/main/main.html
On-A-Slant Indian Village  http://www.ndtourism.com/attractions/view.asp?ID=332
Sun Dance  http://www.indigenouspeople.net/sundance.htm
Was America Discovered in 1170?  http://www.stevequayle.com/Giants/Ancient.Civ_Technol/1995.was.Am.discovery.1170.html
Was America Discovered in 1170 ...  http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a3b4e27bc1741.htm
Welsh and Norse Explorers  http://www.native-languages.org/iaq10.htm
Welsh Explorers  http://www.kessler-web.co.uk/History/FeaturesBritain/CymruExplorers.htm
Where Technology Meets History ...  http://www.bismarcktribune.com/lewisclark/2003/technology.html
Winter at Ft. Mandan  http://www.explorethelewisandclarktrail.com/winter_at_fort_mandan.htm
Wintering with the Mandan Indian Tribe  http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/LC/The%20People/indian_nations_part1.htm

Last updated 12/04/08  Copyright © 2008 by Four Directions Press