FDI - Nipmuc

FOUR DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE

Nipmuc

*Ethnie:*	NIPMUC
*Language:*	Wampanoag
*Family:*	Eastern Algonquian
*Stock:*	Algonquian
*Phylum:*	Algic
*Macro-Culture:*	Eastern Woodlands
Speakers	None

The Nipmuc were a sedentary hunter/ farmer loose confederation. They occupied the central plateau of Massachusetts, particularly the southern part, and extended into Rhode Island and Connecticut. The Nipmuc first met by Whites after the Plymouth landing in Massachusetts. They were devastated by conflicts with the Whites in King Phillip's War. Many of the survivors scattered to join other tribes, though some remained in Massachusetts.

Aboriginal Locations: Subdivisions Villages

CT 9

MA 19

RI 1

Present Locations

CT Chaubunagungamaug Reservation, Webster

Nipmuc Indian Association of Connecticut, Thompson

MA Hassanamisco Indian Reservation, Grafton (Others joined Canadian tribes or Mahican in NY, later WI)

Year	*History*
1620	First met by the Whites after the landing at Plymouth, tribe subjugated by the Pequot
1630	Puritans landed
1633	Boston traders reached the Connecticut River
1637	English colonists destroyed the Pequot thereby freeing the Nipmuc
1640	Christianized by John Eliot
1643	Sold lands in the Lancaster Pruchase
1644	Ceded lands with the Tantiusque Deed
1655	Sold lands in the Brookfield Purchases
1675	Most joined King Philips Uprising against the colonists; participated in raids twice at Brookfield and with the Pocomtuc at Deerfield and destroyed the command of Captain Thomas Lothrop at Bloody Brook near Hadley
1676	King Philip's War ended but the English continued to hunt down Nipmuc to be killed or sold a slaves; survivors were gathered into "Praying Villages" under the supervision of Puritans
1869	Massachusetts legislature granted citizenship to Nipmuc

Year	Total Population	CT	MA	Source
1600	500			Mooney estimate
1700	100		100	NAHDB calculation
1800	100		100	NAHDB calculation
1900	100		100	NAHDB calculation
2000	1,300	200	1,100	NAHDB calculation
2005	1,400	250	1,150	Dick Shovel

Other speakers of the same language:

Massachuset, Narragansett, Nauset, Niantic, Wampanoag

Nipmuc Sites:

Federal Recognition Struggles of the Nipmuc Nation http://www.network54.com/Forum/message?forumid=285990&messageid=1086636895

Grafton Indians http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~history/grafton/graftonindians.html

Hassanamisco Nipmuc Reservation http://www.blackstonedaily.com/bhind.htm

Lakes Entertainment http://lakesentertainment.com/xml/?func=newsreleases&nid=188802

Nipmuc http://www.angelfire.com/realm/shades/nativeamericans/nipmuc.htm

Nipmuc Archeology http://www.timelinesinc.com/nipmuc1.htm

Nipmuc Authors http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/t203

Nipmuc History http://www.dickshovel.com/nipmuc.html

Nipmuc Indian Association of Connecticut http://www.nativetech.org/Nipmuc/

Nipmuc Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/nipmuchist.htm

Nipmuc Nation http://www.nipmucnation.org/

Nipmuc Nation Should Gain Federal Recognition http://www.indianz.com/News/2004/002810.asp

Nipmuc Tribal Council - Hassanamisco http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~pluralsm/98wrb/na_nipm.htm

"Praying Indian" Village Site Protected http://www.tpl.org/tier3_cd.cfm?content_item_id=15815&folder_id=260

Squash Names for an Indian Word http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/plantanswers/publications/vegetabletravelers/squash.html

Wampanoag Language http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_language.asp?code=WAM

Wampanoag Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_lang_family.asp?code=WAM