FOUR DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE

The Shasta were a sedentary hunter/gatherer culture which relied heavily on fishing. They lived along the Klamath River from almost Indian Creek to above Fall Creek, in the drainages of Klamath tributaries, the Scott and Shasta Rivers, and in a separate mountainous area in Oregon about the Stewart River, and Little Butte Creek affluents of the Rogue River. They suffered from depredations of both the Oregon Trail and California gold rush immigrants.

Year	*History*
1821	First contact with White trappers
1850	Gold rush, influx of miners, villages burned arbitrarily, occupants shot
1851	Large number of Shasta intentionally poisoned by Whites during treaty signing ceremony at Ft. Jones
1855	Had major role in the Rogue River Wars in Oregon
1856	As a result of the Rogue River Wars, some survivors taken to Grande Ronde, later to Siletz
1871	Began to practice ghost dance
1921	Smallpox epidemic
1967	Lost territories to Termination Act

Year	Total Population	California Estimate	Source
1700	2,000	1,900	NAHDB calculation
1770	2,000		Kroeber estimate
1800	2,000	1,900	NAHDB calculation
1900	600	500	NAHDB calculation
1937	418		U. S. Indian Office
1989	400		BIA
2000	500	400	NAHDB calculation

Shasta Sites

California History: The Hidden Genocide http://www.kstrom.net/isk/stories/normtrea.html

Earl Days in Klamath http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist7/klamath.html

Norma Jean Croy http://www.kstrom.net/isk/stories/normsaga.html

Horse Creek http://www.sisqtel.net/~rbley/hrscrkscottrvr.htm

Indian Wars http://www.cowcreek.com/story/x01history/x09indianwars.html

Langley Family, Edward and Nancy http://home.earthlink.net/~wedwards15/id15.html

Mountain Tales Student project http://www.scsc.k12.ar.us/2001Outwest/PacificEcology/Projects/VillegasL/Default.htm

Mt. Shasta Bioregional Ecology Center http://www.mountshastaecology.org/11mountshasta.html

Mt. Shasta Folklore http://www.siskiyous.edu/shasta/fol/nam/folk16.htm

Mt. Shasta Grizzly Legend http://www.ilhawaii.net/~stony/lore48.html

Mt. Shasta with Indian Encampment http://ffscat.lcs.mit.edu/ffshtml/images/img0009.htm

Northwest California Culture and Ethnobotany http://www.fourdir.com/northwest_california-oregon_culture.htm

Scott Valley History http://www.marblemtn.com/svhist.htm

Shasta http://logos.uoregon.edu/explore/oregon/shasta.html

Shasta http://www.curtis-collection.com/tribe%20data/shasta.html

Shasta Dam and the McCloud River http://www.sacredland.org/endangered_sites_pages/shasta_dam.html

Shasta Gambling Trays http://www.californiabaskets.com/pages/specialitems/shastagamblingtrays.html

Shasta Indian Baskets http://www.californiabaskets.com/pages/shastahome.html

Shasta Indian Nation http://www.shastaindiannation.org/

Shasta Indian Nation Claims Siskiyou County ... http://www.klamathbasincrisis.org/tribes/tribshastaclaims100204.htm

Shasta Indian Tribe http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/shastan/shastaindiantribe.htm

Shasta Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=SHT

Shasta Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=SHT

Shasta Massacre [?] http://www.mailtribune.com/archive/2001/november/110401n2.htm

Shasta Social Organization http://www.siskiyous.edu/shasta/nat/sha/soc.htm

The Shasta Tribe: Rain Rock http://users.sisqtel.net/rbley/shasta&ashcreek.htm

Shasta Tribe Student project http://www.murrieta.k12.ca.us/alta/dfuller/2002/20v/tribe.html

Shasta Tribe http://www.sisqtel.net/~rbley/shasta&ashcreek.htm

Shasta Tribe http://mle.matsuk12.us/american-natives/california/shasta.html

State of Scenic Jefferson By-Way ... http://www.jeffersonstate.com/bhelsaple/StateofJeffersonScenicBy.html

Treaty With the Chasta, Etc. 1854 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cha0655.htm

Why Mt. Shasta Erupted http://www.indians.org/welker/mountsha.htm

*Ethnie:*	SHASTA
*Language:*	Shastan
*Family:*	Shastan
*Stock:*	Western Hokan
*Phylum:*	Hokan
*Macro-Culture:*	Northwestern California