FDI - Swinomish

The Swinomish were sedentary coastal hunter/gatherers and relied heavily on fishing. They were located on the northern end of Whidbey Island and about the mouth of the Skagit River. They are closely related to the Skagit, with whom they are often combined. They suffered from the White influx.

Year	*History*
1787	Strait of Juan de Fuca discovered by Charles Barkley
1790	Manual Quimper explored both shores of strait
1792	Area charted by Capt. George Vancouver
1827	Hudson Bay Company founded Fort Langley
1841	Influx of Oregon Trail settlers began, conflicts followed
1855	Treaty of Point Elliot
1870	Smallpox epidemic

Year	Population	Source
1700	700	NAHDB calculation
1800	700	NAHDB calculation
1853	300	Gibbs estimate
1900	100	NAHDB calculation
1910	56	Census
1937	200	US Indian Office
2000	750	NAHDB calculation
2004	778	IHC

Swinomish Sites:

Free Swinomish http://freeswinomish.freeservers.com/main.html

Lushootseed Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=LUT

Lushootseed Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=LUT

Northern Lights Casino http://www.swinomishcasino.com/

Northwest Coast Culture and Ethnobotany http://www.fourdir.com/northwest_coastal_culture.htm

Swinomish Indian Tribal Community http://www.swinomish.org/

Swinomish Indian Tribe http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1577.html

Swinomish Tribal Profile http://www.npaihb.org/profiles/tribal_profiles/Washington/Swinomish%20Tribal%20Profile.htm

Swinomish Tribe http://www2.ihs.gov/PortlandAO/about/Swinomish.asp

Treaty of Point Elliot ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/wa/indians/treaties/pteliott.txt

Vancouver Begins British Survey of Puget Sound, 1792 http://historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=5230

*Ethnie:*	SWINOMISH
*Language:*	Lushootseed
*Family:*	Twana
*Stock:*	Central Salish
*Phylum:*	Salishan
*Macro-Culture:*	Northwest