| Year |
History |
| 1598 |
New Mexico
settled by Spanish ... began contact with Utes |
| 1626 |
Traditional
beginning of Ute-Hopi conflicts, earliest reference to the Utes by the
Spanish |
| 1637 |
First known conflict between
Spanish and Utes. Spaniards under Luis de Rosas, Governor of New Mexico
1637-41, captured about 80 Utacas and forced them into labor work-shops
in Santa Fe |
| 1670 |
First Treaty between Utes and
Spaniards. |
| 1692 |
Alliance between Paiutes,
Apaches, and Hopis, to counter Spanish aggression and expansion. |
| 1700 |
Beginnings of raids upon Pueblos
and Spanish in New Mexico by Utes, Apaches, and Comanches often working
in concert. |
| 1706 |
Expedition of Juan de Ulibarri
through southeastern Colorado. |
| 1716 |
Spanish campaign against Utes
and Comanches not successful in preventing raids. |
| 1720 |
Expedition of Pedro de Villasur. |
| 1730-50 |
Utes continue raids upon
settlements in new Mexico. In 1747, Ute forays caused the abandonment of
the frontier town of Abiquiu. It was reoccupied in 1748 by the
Spaniards. |
| 1746 |
Spanish defeat a combination of
Utes and Comanches above Abiquiu. |
| 1747 |
Spanish carry on a campaign
against the Capote Utes. |
| 1752 |
Ute leaders, Chiquito, Don
Tomas, and Barrigon meet with the governor of New Mexico. Spanish
indicate a desire to cultivate trade with the Utes especially for
deerskins and to avoid a confrontation with the Mouache, Capotes, and
Chaguaguas. |
| 1760s |
Spanish-Ute relations friendly
enough to permit Spanish trading ventures into Ute territory as far
north as the Gunnison River. |
| 1765 |
Juan Maria de Rivera leads first
official Spanish expedition into southwestern Colorado through lands of
the Utes. |
| 1770s |
Utes and Navajos at war with the
Hopis. |
| 1775 |
Second expedition into
southwestern Colorado led by Rivera. |
| 1776 |
Dominguez-Escalante expedition
through Ute territory. Lands of the Utes mapped by Miera y Pacheco. |
| 1778 |
Spanish law prohibits Spaniards
and Christianized Indians from trading with the Utes. The ban was
largely ineffectual since some traders continued to visit the Utes. |
| 1779 |
Mouache Utes and Jicarilla
Apaches joined New Mexico Governor Juan Bautista de Anza in a campaign
against the Comanches. Comanche forces under Cuerno Verde were defeated. |
| 1786 |
Utes represented by Chiefs Moara
and Pinto protest the proposed peace treaty between the Comanches and
the Spanish. However, at the insistence of Juan Bautista de Anza, they
finally agreed. Peace negotiations were carried on at Pecos between the
Mouache Utes, the Comanches, and the Spanish and a treaty was concluded. |
| 1789 |
Treaty of peace between the
Spanish and Utes and promise of Ute aid against the Comanches and
Navajos. At this time also, the Spanish took precautions against an
alliance between the Mouache Utes and the Lipan Apaches. |
| 1804 |
Utes and Jicarilla Apaches
joined the Spanish in a campaign against the Navajos. |
| 1809 |
About 600 Mouache Utes and some
Jicarilla Apaches were attacked on the Arkansas River by Comanches,
Cuampes, and Kiowas. Killed were the major Mouache chief, Delgadito,
along with the other leaders, Mano Mocha and El Albo. |
| 1821 |
Independence of Mexico from
Spain did not change the relations between the Utes and the settlements
in New Mexico; beginning of the Santa Fe trade. |
| 1829 |
Opening of the Old Spanish Trail
from Santa Fe to San Gabriel, California, partly through Ute territory. |
| 1832 |
Bent's Fort established in
southeastern Colorado. |
| 1837 |
Philip Thompson and William
Craig established a trading post (Fort Davy Crockett) on the Green
River. (it was abandoned about 1840). At about the same time, Antoine
Robidoux established Fort Uncompahgre at the junction of the Uncompahgre
and Gunnison Rivers. |
| 1844 |
Capote attack on Rio Arriba
settlements after the altercation between the Utes and the Governor of
New Mexico in Santa Fe, John C. Fremont passed through Ute
country. |
| 1845 |
Capote Utes attacked the
settlement of Ojo Caliente. |
| 1846` |
Fremont's attempt to cross
Colorado in winter ended in disaster. |
| 1849 |
First treaty between Utes and
the United States at Abiquiu. Chief Quiziachigiate, a Capote, signed as
principal chief and 28 other Utes signed as subordinate chiefs. |
| 1850 |
The Utes began to obtain arms
from the Mormons at Salt Lake. |
| 1853 |
Agency reopened at Taos and Kit
Carson was agent 1853-59, Captain Gunnison killed near Sevier Lake in
Utah. His expedition continued under Lt. Beckwith, an Indian Agent
reports war between Mouache Utes and other Indians along the Arkansas
River caused by the scarcity of game. The agent requested the U.S.
Government to prevent other Indians from encroaching on Mouache lands. |
| 1854 |
Ute War started by an attack by
Utes on Fort Pueblo. The Utes were mainly Mouaches under the leadership
of Chief Tierra Blanca. Several skirmishes resulted in the Indians suing
for peace. From that time on, the Utes have been generally on friendly
terms with U.S. Government. |
| 1860 |
Utes join U.S. troops in
campaigns against Navajos. |
| 1877 |
Establishment of the Southern
Ute Agency at Ignacio to serve the Capotes, Mouaches, and Weeminuches. |
| 1879 |
Meeker Incident results in cries
for the removal of the Utes from Colorado. |
| 1880 |
|
| 1881 |
Tabeguache and White River Utes
moved to the Uintah Reservation in Utah, Denver and Rio Grande Railroad
went through Southern Ute land. |
| 1886 |
Consolidation of the Uintah and
Ouray Reservations for the Northern Utes. |
| 1913 |
Death of Ignacio |
| 1918 |
Consolidated Ute Indian
Reservation established. |
| 1937 |
Restoration Act returns 222,016
acres to the Southern Utes. |
| 1938 |
Restoration Act returns 30,000
acres to the Ute Mountain Utes. |
