FDI - Wanapum

The Wanapam were semi-sedentary hunter/gatherer tribes closely connected to the Palouse. They lived about the bend in the Columbia River between Priest Rapids at a point below the mouth of the Umatilla, and extended east of the Columbia north of Pasco.

They traded with the first Whites but ultimately were considered to be renegades and had conflicts with a the later settlers. They suffered huge losses to disease. They have refused to live a reservation life.

Aboriginal Locations (Subdivisions)

WA (2)

Year	*History*
1760	Smallpox epidemic
1781	Smallpox epidemic
1805	Lewis and Clark passed through territory, aided by Nez Perce
1809	David Thompson established Kullyspell House trading post on Lake Pend d'Orielle
1810	David Thompson established Spokane House
1811	David Thompson explored the length of the Columbia River
1841	Influx of Oregon Trail settlers began, conflicts followed
1847	Measles epidemic
1855	Major Heller and 100 men routed in with a joint force of Yakimas, Columbias, Wanapams, Wallwallas, Palouse, and Spokanes ... "Toppenish Fight"; Yakima Treaty, tribe included in treaty but refused to recognize the document
1980	Reduced to four families

Year	Population	Source
1700	1,800	NAHDB calculation
1780	1,800	Mooney estimate
1800	1,800	NAHDB calculation
1900	200	NAHDB calculation
1980	40	Four surviving families
1997	60	Carlotta Collette
2000	50	NAHDB calculation

Wanapum Sites:

Columbia River Dams and the Wanapum http://www.cwnp.org/naturalist/columbiadams.html

East Benton County Historical Society http://www.owt.com/ebchs/area_history/area_history.htm

Gingko/Wanapam State Park http://seattleinsider.kirotv.com/recreation/guides/camping/gingko.html

Harrison, John Comments http://www.columbiariver.org/main_pages/readings/port/harrison.htm

Kamiakin and the Yakima Indian War http://members.aol.com/Gibson0817/ywar.htm

Lewis and Clark Journals: Wanapum http://www.ccrh.org/comm/moses/primary/lewisnclrk.htm

Lewis and Clark: Wanapum http://www.nationalgeographic.com/lewisandclark/record_tribes_069_13_31.html

Mid-Columbia's First People

Nez Perce Language http://www.nezperce.com/npedu13-2a.html

Nez Perce Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=NEZ

Nez Perce Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=NEZ

Oregon Trail http://linnhistory.peak.org/1853/1853immore.html

Reclaiming Hanford http://www.cr.nps.gov/aad/cg/fd_vol8_num2/hanford.htm

Save Our Dams http://www.saveourdams.com/

Tribe's Tie to Utility Key to It's Survival http://www.oregonlive.com/news/oregonian/index.ssf?/news/oregonian/01/02/nw_12wanap04.frame

Visit with the River People of Hanford Ranch http://www.hcn.org/servlets/hcn.URLRemapper/1997/dec08/dir/ReporterA_visit_wi.html

Wanapum Mat House http://encarta.msn.com/media_701508976_701509026_-1_1/Wanapum_Mat_House.html

Wanapum Native American Discovery Unit http://www.chelanpud.org/newsreleases/2004/WampumDiscoveryUnit_041904cs.htm

Weaving History http://southcountysun.com/cgi-bin/get_story.cgi?story=Story_1&dir=07072004

*Ethnie:*	WANAPUM (WANAPAM)
*Language:*	Nez Perce
*Family:*	Shahaptin
*Stock:*	Plateau Penutian
*Phylum:*	Penutian
*Macro-Culture:*	Northwestern Plateau