FDI - Yamasee

FOUR DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE

Yamasee

*Ethnie:*	YAMASEE
*Language:*	Mikasuki
*Family:*	Eastern Muskogee
*Stock:*	Muskogee
*Phylum:*	Algic
*Macro-Culture:*	Eastern Woodlands
Speakers	None

The Yamasee were a sedentary hunter/farmer nation. They lived in Georgia on the Okmulgee, not far above the conflux of the Oconee. They extended northeast to above Savannah into South Carolina, remaining inland. They were devastated in the Yamasee War against the British and ultimately joined the Seminole and Creek Confederacies.

Aboriginal Locations: Subdivisions (Villages)

GA Lower (3), Upper (4)

SC Lower (2), Upper (1)

Present Locations

Confederated into the Creek now in AL and OK, and the Seminole now in FL and OK

Year	*History*
1521	Mentioned by Francisco de Chicora as "Yamiscaron"
1540	Probably mentioned by De Soto as "Altamaha"; tribe subordinate to the Hitchiti
1597	Visited by Spanish soldier Gaspar de Salas and 2 Franciscan friars
1633	Asked for missionaries
1639	Peace made with Chatot, Apalachee, and Lower Creeks
1670	Smallpox epidemic after this year
1675	Settled near two missions founded by Bishop Calderon of Cuba in Apalachee country on the south Georgia coast
1684	Offended by Spanish governor, moved to South Carolina, 87 warriors took part in Barnwell's expedition against the Tuscarora
1703	Joined by a tribe called the Yoa [?]
1715	Rose in rebellion (Yamasee Wars) against the British, defeated by Governor Craven, took refuge at St. Augustine, allied with Spaniards; absorbed surviving Waxhaw
1725	Villages raided by British and allies
1728	Villages raided by British and allies
1730	Eventually settled mostly among Seminole, though some joined Creeks

Year	Total Pop.	GA	SC	FL	Source
1650	2,000	1,300	700		Mooney estimate
1675	1,190				Governor Salazar estimate
1700	1,200		1,200		NAHDB calculation
1715	1,215				Census
1800	200			200	NAHDB calculation
1900	0				NAHDB calculation
2000	0				NAHDB calculation

Other speakers of the same language:

Apalachicola, Chiaha, Hitchiti, Miccosuki, Oconee, Ocmulgee, Sawokli, Tamathli

Yamasee Sites:

Land of Promise http://www.cr.nps.gov/seac/beneathweb/ch11.htm

Miccosuki Language http://www.native-languages.org/mikasuki.htm

Mikasuki Language http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mik

Mikasuki Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=92336

Observations on the Seminole Indians - 1823 http://www.seminolenation-indianterritory.org/observations.htm

Our Yamasee Tribe http://members.tripod.com/pointingbird/lostfeatherintl/id35.htm

Reconstruction Proto-Muskogean Language and Prehistory http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:WUcArTRiLlAJ:www.albany.edu/anthro/fac/broadwell/flora.pdf+yamasee+indian+OR+native+OR+tribe+OR+language+OR+nation&hl=en&lr=lang_en

Something Cloudy in Their Looks http://www.historycooperative.org/cgi-bin/justtop.cgi?act=justtop&url=http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/jah/90.1/ramsey.html

Yamasee http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0852949.html

Yamasee Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/yamasee/yamaseeindiantribe.htm

Yamasee War http://www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/chronpop/1804

Yamasee War http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamasee_War

Yamasee War 1715-1718 http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1169.html